Welcome to GATE Syllabus 2012 Section. Here you will find GATE Exam Syllabus, GATE 2012 Syllabus for Computer Science, ECE, CSE, Mechanical, Physics, Biotechnology, Civil Engineering, Free Download, Syllabus for GATE 2012.
GATE 2012 Syllabus:-
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Computer Science:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for CSE:-
Computer Science & Engineering:-
Theory of Computation: Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability; NPcompleteness.
Digital Logic: Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).
Computer Organization and Architecture: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache and main memory, Secondary storage.
Programming and Data Structures: Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary heaps.
Algorithms: Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-and-conquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching.
Compiler Design: Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization.
Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.
Databases: ER-model, Relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), Database design (integrity constraints, normal forms), Query languages (SQL), File structures (sequential files, indexing, B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control.
Computer Networks: ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (Ethernet, Token ring), Flow and error control techniques, Routing algorithms, Congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), Application layer protocols (icmp, dns, smtp, pop, ftp, http); Basic concepts of hubs, switches, gateways, and routers.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for ECE:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.
Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Electronics & Communication Engineering:-
Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks.
Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twintub CMOS process.
Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and waveshaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.
Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing.
Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.
Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems.
Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM.
Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Mechanical Engineering
Engineering Mathematics :-
Linear Algebra:- Algebra of matrices, system of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Calculus:- Taylor Series, Fourier Series, partial derivatives, total derivatives, definite and improper integrals, multiple integrals.
Vector Calculus:- Gradient, divergence and curl, line and surface integrals, Green, Gauss and Stokes’ theorems.
Differential Equations:- Linear ODE’s, first order non-linear ODE’s, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transform, PDE’s-Laplace, wave and diffusion equations.
Numerical Methods:- Solution of system of linear equations, interpolation, numerical integration, Newton-Raphson method, Runge-Kutta method.
Probability and Statistics:- Gaussian, Weibul distribution and their properties, method of least squares, regression analysis, analysis of variance.
Applied Mechanics & Design:-
Engineering Mechanics:- Equivalent force systems, free-body concepts, equations of equilibrium, trusses and frames, virtual work and minimum potential energy. Kinematics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, impulse and momentum (linear and angular), energy methods, central force motion.
Strength of Materials:- Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr’s circle for plane stress and plane strain, shear force and bending moment diagrams, bending and shear stresses, deflection of beams torsion of circular shafts, thin and thick cylinders, Euler’s theory of columns, strain energy methods, thermal stresses.
Theory of Machines:- Displacement, velocity and acceleration, analysis of plane mechanisms, dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism, planar cams and followers, gear tooth profiles, kinematics and design of gears, governors and flywheels, balancing of reciprocating and rotating masses.
Vibrations:- Free and forced vibration of single degree freedom systems, effect of damping, vibration isolation, resonance, critical speed of rotors.
Design of Machine Elements:- Design for static and dynamic loading, failure theories, fatigue strength -- design of bolted, riveted and welded joints -- design of shafts and keys -- design of spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings -- brakes and clutches -- belt, ropes and chain drives.
Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Science:- Fluid Mechanics:- Fluid properties, fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy -- Control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy, fluid acceleration -- Differential equation of continuity and momentum -- Bernoulli’s equation -- Viscous flow of incompressible fluids -- Boundary layer, Elementary turbulent flow -- Flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc.
Heat-Transfer:- Modes of heat transfer -- One dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, fins -- Dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, Various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes -- Thermal boundary layer -- effect of turbulence -- Radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis -- Heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods.
Thermodynamics:- Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics -- Thermodynamic system and processes -- Irreversibility and availability -- Behaviour of ideal and real gases, Properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in __AD_OSC__ ideal processes -- Analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion -- Carnot, Rankine, Otto, Diesel, Brayton and Vapour compression cycles.
Power Plant Engineering:- Steam generators -- Steam power cycles -- Steam turbines -- impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams, pressure and velocity compounding -- Reheating and reheat factor -- Condensers and feed heaters.
I.C. Engines:- Requirements and suitability of fuels in IC engines, fuel ratings, fuel-air mixture requirements -- Normal combustion in SI and CI engines -- Engine performance calculations.
Refrigeration and air-conditioning:- Refrigerant compressors, expansion devices, condensers and evaporators -- Properties of moist air, psychrometric chart, basic psychometric processes.
Turbomachinery:- Components of gas turbines -- Compression processes, Centrifugal and Axial flow compressors -- Axial flow turbines, elementary theory -- Hydraulic turbines -- Euler-Turbine equation -- Specific speed, Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines -- Centrifugal pumps.
Manufacturing & industrial Engineering:-
Engineering Materials:- Structure and properties of engineering materials and their applications, heat treatment. Metal Casting Casting processes (expendable and non-expendable) -pattern, moulds and cores, Heating and pouring, Solidification and cooling, Gating Design, Design considerations, defects.
Forming Processes:- Stress-strain diagrams for ductile and brittle material, Plastic deformation and yield criteria, Fundamentals of hot and cold working processes, Bulk metal forming processes (forging, rolling extrusion, drawing), Sheet metal working processes (punching, blanking, bending, deep drawing, coining, spinning, Load estimation using homogeneous deformation methods, Defects). Processing of Powder metals- Atomization, compaction, sintering, secondary and finishing operations. Forming and shaping of Plastics- Extrusion, Injection Molding.
Joining Processes:- Physics of welding, Fusion and non-fusion welding processes, brazing and soldering, Adhesive bonding, Design considerations in welding, Weld quality defects.
Machining and Machine Tool Operations:- Mechanics of machining, Single and multi-point cutting tools, Tool geometry and materials, Tool life and wear, cutting fluids, Machinability, Economics of machining, non-traditional machining processes.
Metrology and Inspection:- Limits, fits and tolerances, linear and angular measurements, comparators, gauge design, interferometry, Form and finish measurement, measurement of screw threads, Alignment and testing methods.
Tool Engineering:- Principles of work holding, Design of jigs and fixtures.
Computer Integrated Manufacturing:- Basic concepts of CAD, CAM and their integration tools.
Manufacturing Analysis:- Part-print analysis, tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly, time and cost analysis.
Work-Study:- Method study, work measurement time study, work sampling, job evaluation, merit rating.
Production Planning and Control:- Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, master scheduling, materials requirements planning.
Inventory Control:- Deterministic and probabilistic models, safety stock inventory control systems.
Operations Research:- Linear programming, simplex and duplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM.
GATE 2012 Syllabus for IT:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.
Formal language & Automata:-
COMPUTER HARDWARE:-
Digital Logic: Logic functions, minimization, design and synthesis of combinatorial and sequential circuits, number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point)
Computer organization: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data path, hardwired and microprogrammed control, memory interface, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode), serial communication interface, instruction pipelining, cache, main and secondary storage
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS:-
Data structures and Algorithms: the notion of abstract data types, stack, queue, list, set, string, tree, binary search tree, heap, graph, tree and graph traversals, connected components, spanning trees, shortest paths, hashing, sorting, searching, design techniques (greedy, dynamic, divide and conquer, Algorithm design by induction), asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, Basic concepts of complexity classes – P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete.
Programming Methodology: Scope, binding, parameter passing, recursion, C programming – data types and declarations, assignment and control flow statements, 1-d and 2-d arrays, functions, pointers, concepts of object-oriented programming - classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, operator overloading.
Operating Systems (in the context of Unix): classical concepts (concurrency, synchronization, deadlock), processes, threads and interprocess communication, CPU scheduling, memory management, file systems, I/O systems, protection and security, shell programming.
Information Systems and Software Engineering: information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance.
Databases: E-R diagrams, relational model, database design, integrity constraints, normal forms, query languages (SQL), file structures (sequential, indexed), b-trees, transaction and concurrency control.
Data Communication and Networks: ISO/OSI stack, transmission media, data encoding, multiplexing, flow and error control, LAN technologies (Ethernet, token ring), network devices – switches, gateways, routers, ICMP, application layer protocols – SMTP, POP3, HTTP, DNS, FTP, Telnet, network security – basic concepts of public key and private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls
Web technologies: Proxy, HTML, XML, basic concepts of cgi-bin programming.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Biotechnology:-
General Aptitude (GA)
Verbal Ability: English grammar, sentence completion, verbal analogies, word groups, instructions, critical reasoning and verbal deduction.
Numerical Ability: Numerical computation, numerical estimation, numerical reasoning and data interpretation.
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Matrices and determinants, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Calculus: Limit, continuity and differentiability, Partial derivatives, Maxima and minima, Sequences and series, Test for convergence, Fourier Series.
Differential Equations: Linear and nonlinear first order ODEs, higher order ODEs with constant coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Laplace transforms, PDE- Laplace, heat and wave equations.
Probability and Statistics: Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions, Correlation and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solution of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, Integration of trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule, Single and multistep methods for differential equations.
Biotechnology:-
Microbiology: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; Microbial nutrition, growth and control; Microbial metabolism (aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthesis); Nitrogen fixation; Chemical basis of mutations and mutagens; Microbial genetics (plasmids, transformation, transduction, conjugation); Microbial diversity and characteristic features; Viruses.
Biochemistry: Biomolecules and their conformation; Ramachandran map; Weak inter-molecular interactions in biomacromolecules; Chemical and functional nature of enzymes; Kinetics of single substrate and bi-substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions; Bioenergetics; Metabolism (Glycolysis, TCA and Oxidative phosphorylation); Membrane transport and pumps; Cell cycle and cell growth control; Cell signaling and signal transduction; Biochemical and biophysical techniques for macromolecular analysis.
Molecular Biology and Genetics: Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; DNA replication and control; Transcription and its control; Translational processes; Regulatory controls in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; Mendelian inheritance; Gene interaction; Complementation; Linkage, recombination and chromosome mapping; Extrachromosomal inheritance; Chromosomal variation; Population genetics; Transposable elements, Molecular basis of genetic diseases and applications.
Process Biotechnology: Bioprocess technology for the production of cell biomass and primary/secondary metabolites, such as baker’s yeast, ethanol, citric acid, amino acids, exo-polysacharides, antibiotics and pigments etc.; Microbial production, purification and bioprocess application(s) of industrial enzymes; Production and purification of recombinant proteins on a large scale; Chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods; Immobilization of enzymes and cells and their application for bioconversion processes. Aerobic and anaerobic biological processes for stabilization of solid / liquid wastes; Bioremediation.
Bioprocess Engineering: Kinetics of microbial growth, substrate utilization and product formation; Simple structured models; Sterilization of air and media; Batch, fed-batch and continuous processes; Aeration and agitation; Mass transfer in bioreactors; Rheology of fermentation fluids; Scale-up concepts; Design of fermentation media; Various types of microbial and enzyme reactors; Instrumentation in bioreactors.
Plant and Animal Biotechnology: Special features and organization of plant cells; Totipotency; Regeneration of plants; Plant products of industrial importance; Biochemistry of major metabolic pathways and products; Autotrophic and heterotrophic growth; Plant growth regulators and elicitors; Cell suspension culture development: methodology, kinetics of growth and production formation, nutrient optimization; Production of secondary metabolites by plant suspension cultures; Hairy root cultures and their cultivation. Techniques in raising transgencies.
Characteristics of animal cells: Metabolism, regulation and nutritional requirements for mass cultivation of animal cell cultures; Kinetics of cell growth and product formation and effect of shear force; Product and substrate transport; Micro & macro-carrier culture; Hybridoma technology; Live stock improvement; Cloning in animals; Genetic engineering in animal cell culture; Animal cell preservation.
Immunology: The origin of immunology; Inherent immunity; Humoral and cell mediated immunity; Primary and secondary lymphoid organ; Antigen; B and T cells and Macrophages; Major histocompatibility complex (MHC); Antigen processing and presentation; Synthesis of antibody and secretion; Molecular basis of antibody diversity; Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; Complement; Antigen-antibody reaction; Regulation of immune response; Immune tolerance; Hyper sensitivity; Autoimmunity; Graft versus host reaction.
Recombinant DNA Technology: Restriction and modification enzymes; Vectors: plasmid, bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, yeast artificial chromosome; cDNA and genomic DNA library; Gene isolation; Gene cloning; Expression of cloned gene; Transposons and gene targeting; DNA labeling; DNA sequencing; Polymerase chain reactions; DNA fingerprinting; Southern and northern blotting; In-situ hybridization; RAPD; RFLP; Site-directed mutagenesis; Gene transfer technologies; Gene therapy.
Bioinformatics: Major bioinformatics resources (NCBI, EBI, ExPASy); Sequence and structure databases; Sequence analysis (biomolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence alignment, phylogeny); Genomics and Proteomics (Large scale genome sequencing strategies; Comparative genomics; Understanding DNA microarrays and protein arrays); Molecular modeling and simulations (basic concepts including concept of force fields).
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Civil Engineering:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Determinants, algebra of matrices, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Functions of single variable: limit, continuity and differentiability, mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus -- evaluation of definite and improper integrals.
Functions of two variables: limit, continuity, partial derivatives, total derivative and directional derivative, maxima and minima, multiple integrals and their applications, sequences and series, test for convergence, Fourier series.
Ordinary Differential Equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s or Euler’s equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transform.
Statistics: Basic concepts of Probability and Statistics.
GATE Syllabus 2011 for Civil Engineering - Structural Engineering:-
Mechanics: Bending moments and shear forces in statically determinate beams -- simple stress and strain: relationship -- stress and strain in two dimensions, principal stresses, stress transformation, Mohr’s circle -- simple bending theory -- flexural shear stress -- thin-walled pressure vessels -- uniform torsion.
Structural Analysis: Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches and frames -- displacements in statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/energy methods -- analysis by displacement methods (slope-deflection and moment-distribution methods) -- infludence lines for determinate and indeterminate structures -- basic concepts of matrix methods of structural analysis.
Concrete Structures: Basic working stress and limit states design concepts -- analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subject to flexure, shear, compression and torsion (beams, columns isolated footings) -- basic elements of prestressed concrete: analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads.
Steel Structures: Analysis and design of tension and compression members, beams and beam-columns, column bases -- connections - simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses -- plastic analysis of beams and frames.
GATE 2012 Syllabus for Civil Engineering - Geotechnical Engineering:-
Soil Mechanics: Origin of soils -- soil classification -- three-phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and inter-relationships -- permeability and seepage -- effective stress principle: consolidation, compaction -- shear strength.
Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigation - scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetrometer tests, plate load test -- earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils -- stability of slopes - infinite slopes, finite slopes -- foundation types - foundation design requirements -- shallow foundations -- bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays -- deep foundations - pile types, dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays.
Water Resources Engineering:-
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics: Hydrostatics applications of Bernoulli equation, Laminar and turbulent flow in pipes, pipe networks -- concept of boundary layer and its growth -- uniform flow, critical flow and gradually varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump -- forces on immersed bodies -- flow measurement in channels -- tanks and pipes -- dimensional analysis and hydraulic modeling.Applications of Momentum equation, Potential flow, Kinematics of flow -- Velocity triangles and specific speed of pumps and turbines.
Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle -- Rainfall -- evaporation infiltration, unit hydrographs, flood estimation, reservoir design, reservoir and channel routing, well hydraulics.
Irrigation: Duty, delta, Estimation of evapo-transpiration -- crop water requirements -- design of lined and unlined canals -- waterways -- head works, gravity dams and Ogee spillways.Designs of weirs on permeable foundation, Irrigation methods.
Environmental Engineering:-
Water Requirements -- quality and standards, basic unit processes and operations for water treatment, distribution of water. Sewage and sewerage treatment: Quantity and characteristic of waste water sewerage -- primary and secondary treatment of waste water -- sludge disposal -- effluent discharge standards.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Civil Engineering - Transportation Engineering:-
Highway planning -- Geometric design of Highways -- Testing and specifications of paving materials -- Design of flexible and rigid pavements.
GATE 2012 Syllabus:-
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Computer Science:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for CSE:-
Computer Science & Engineering:-
Theory of Computation: Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability; NPcompleteness.
Digital Logic: Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).
Computer Organization and Architecture: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache and main memory, Secondary storage.
Programming and Data Structures: Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary heaps.
Algorithms: Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-and-conquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching.
Compiler Design: Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization.
Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.
Databases: ER-model, Relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), Database design (integrity constraints, normal forms), Query languages (SQL), File structures (sequential files, indexing, B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control.
Computer Networks: ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (Ethernet, Token ring), Flow and error control techniques, Routing algorithms, Congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), Application layer protocols (icmp, dns, smtp, pop, ftp, http); Basic concepts of hubs, switches, gateways, and routers.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for ECE:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.
Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Electronics & Communication Engineering:-
Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks.
Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twintub CMOS process.
Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and waveshaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.
Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing.
Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.
Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems.
Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM.
Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Mechanical Engineering
Engineering Mathematics :-
Linear Algebra:- Algebra of matrices, system of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Calculus:- Taylor Series, Fourier Series, partial derivatives, total derivatives, definite and improper integrals, multiple integrals.
Vector Calculus:- Gradient, divergence and curl, line and surface integrals, Green, Gauss and Stokes’ theorems.
Differential Equations:- Linear ODE’s, first order non-linear ODE’s, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transform, PDE’s-Laplace, wave and diffusion equations.
Numerical Methods:- Solution of system of linear equations, interpolation, numerical integration, Newton-Raphson method, Runge-Kutta method.
Probability and Statistics:- Gaussian, Weibul distribution and their properties, method of least squares, regression analysis, analysis of variance.
Applied Mechanics & Design:-
Engineering Mechanics:- Equivalent force systems, free-body concepts, equations of equilibrium, trusses and frames, virtual work and minimum potential energy. Kinematics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, impulse and momentum (linear and angular), energy methods, central force motion.
Strength of Materials:- Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr’s circle for plane stress and plane strain, shear force and bending moment diagrams, bending and shear stresses, deflection of beams torsion of circular shafts, thin and thick cylinders, Euler’s theory of columns, strain energy methods, thermal stresses.
Theory of Machines:- Displacement, velocity and acceleration, analysis of plane mechanisms, dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism, planar cams and followers, gear tooth profiles, kinematics and design of gears, governors and flywheels, balancing of reciprocating and rotating masses.
Vibrations:- Free and forced vibration of single degree freedom systems, effect of damping, vibration isolation, resonance, critical speed of rotors.
Design of Machine Elements:- Design for static and dynamic loading, failure theories, fatigue strength -- design of bolted, riveted and welded joints -- design of shafts and keys -- design of spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings -- brakes and clutches -- belt, ropes and chain drives.
Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Science:- Fluid Mechanics:- Fluid properties, fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy -- Control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy, fluid acceleration -- Differential equation of continuity and momentum -- Bernoulli’s equation -- Viscous flow of incompressible fluids -- Boundary layer, Elementary turbulent flow -- Flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc.
Heat-Transfer:- Modes of heat transfer -- One dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, fins -- Dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, Various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes -- Thermal boundary layer -- effect of turbulence -- Radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis -- Heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods.
Thermodynamics:- Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics -- Thermodynamic system and processes -- Irreversibility and availability -- Behaviour of ideal and real gases, Properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in __AD_OSC__ ideal processes -- Analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion -- Carnot, Rankine, Otto, Diesel, Brayton and Vapour compression cycles.
Power Plant Engineering:- Steam generators -- Steam power cycles -- Steam turbines -- impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams, pressure and velocity compounding -- Reheating and reheat factor -- Condensers and feed heaters.
I.C. Engines:- Requirements and suitability of fuels in IC engines, fuel ratings, fuel-air mixture requirements -- Normal combustion in SI and CI engines -- Engine performance calculations.
Refrigeration and air-conditioning:- Refrigerant compressors, expansion devices, condensers and evaporators -- Properties of moist air, psychrometric chart, basic psychometric processes.
Turbomachinery:- Components of gas turbines -- Compression processes, Centrifugal and Axial flow compressors -- Axial flow turbines, elementary theory -- Hydraulic turbines -- Euler-Turbine equation -- Specific speed, Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines -- Centrifugal pumps.
Manufacturing & industrial Engineering:-
Engineering Materials:- Structure and properties of engineering materials and their applications, heat treatment. Metal Casting Casting processes (expendable and non-expendable) -pattern, moulds and cores, Heating and pouring, Solidification and cooling, Gating Design, Design considerations, defects.
Forming Processes:- Stress-strain diagrams for ductile and brittle material, Plastic deformation and yield criteria, Fundamentals of hot and cold working processes, Bulk metal forming processes (forging, rolling extrusion, drawing), Sheet metal working processes (punching, blanking, bending, deep drawing, coining, spinning, Load estimation using homogeneous deformation methods, Defects). Processing of Powder metals- Atomization, compaction, sintering, secondary and finishing operations. Forming and shaping of Plastics- Extrusion, Injection Molding.
Joining Processes:- Physics of welding, Fusion and non-fusion welding processes, brazing and soldering, Adhesive bonding, Design considerations in welding, Weld quality defects.
Machining and Machine Tool Operations:- Mechanics of machining, Single and multi-point cutting tools, Tool geometry and materials, Tool life and wear, cutting fluids, Machinability, Economics of machining, non-traditional machining processes.
Metrology and Inspection:- Limits, fits and tolerances, linear and angular measurements, comparators, gauge design, interferometry, Form and finish measurement, measurement of screw threads, Alignment and testing methods.
Tool Engineering:- Principles of work holding, Design of jigs and fixtures.
Computer Integrated Manufacturing:- Basic concepts of CAD, CAM and their integration tools.
Manufacturing Analysis:- Part-print analysis, tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly, time and cost analysis.
Work-Study:- Method study, work measurement time study, work sampling, job evaluation, merit rating.
Production Planning and Control:- Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, master scheduling, materials requirements planning.
Inventory Control:- Deterministic and probabilistic models, safety stock inventory control systems.
Operations Research:- Linear programming, simplex and duplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM.
GATE 2012 Syllabus for IT:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.
Formal language & Automata:-
COMPUTER HARDWARE:-
Digital Logic: Logic functions, minimization, design and synthesis of combinatorial and sequential circuits, number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point)
Computer organization: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data path, hardwired and microprogrammed control, memory interface, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode), serial communication interface, instruction pipelining, cache, main and secondary storage
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS:-
Data structures and Algorithms: the notion of abstract data types, stack, queue, list, set, string, tree, binary search tree, heap, graph, tree and graph traversals, connected components, spanning trees, shortest paths, hashing, sorting, searching, design techniques (greedy, dynamic, divide and conquer, Algorithm design by induction), asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, Basic concepts of complexity classes – P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete.
Programming Methodology: Scope, binding, parameter passing, recursion, C programming – data types and declarations, assignment and control flow statements, 1-d and 2-d arrays, functions, pointers, concepts of object-oriented programming - classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, operator overloading.
Operating Systems (in the context of Unix): classical concepts (concurrency, synchronization, deadlock), processes, threads and interprocess communication, CPU scheduling, memory management, file systems, I/O systems, protection and security, shell programming.
Information Systems and Software Engineering: information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance.
Databases: E-R diagrams, relational model, database design, integrity constraints, normal forms, query languages (SQL), file structures (sequential, indexed), b-trees, transaction and concurrency control.
Data Communication and Networks: ISO/OSI stack, transmission media, data encoding, multiplexing, flow and error control, LAN technologies (Ethernet, token ring), network devices – switches, gateways, routers, ICMP, application layer protocols – SMTP, POP3, HTTP, DNS, FTP, Telnet, network security – basic concepts of public key and private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls
Web technologies: Proxy, HTML, XML, basic concepts of cgi-bin programming.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Biotechnology:-
General Aptitude (GA)
Verbal Ability: English grammar, sentence completion, verbal analogies, word groups, instructions, critical reasoning and verbal deduction.
Numerical Ability: Numerical computation, numerical estimation, numerical reasoning and data interpretation.
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Matrices and determinants, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Calculus: Limit, continuity and differentiability, Partial derivatives, Maxima and minima, Sequences and series, Test for convergence, Fourier Series.
Differential Equations: Linear and nonlinear first order ODEs, higher order ODEs with constant coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Laplace transforms, PDE- Laplace, heat and wave equations.
Probability and Statistics: Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, normal and binomial distributions, Correlation and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solution of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations, Integration of trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule, Single and multistep methods for differential equations.
Biotechnology:-
Microbiology: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; Microbial nutrition, growth and control; Microbial metabolism (aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthesis); Nitrogen fixation; Chemical basis of mutations and mutagens; Microbial genetics (plasmids, transformation, transduction, conjugation); Microbial diversity and characteristic features; Viruses.
Biochemistry: Biomolecules and their conformation; Ramachandran map; Weak inter-molecular interactions in biomacromolecules; Chemical and functional nature of enzymes; Kinetics of single substrate and bi-substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions; Bioenergetics; Metabolism (Glycolysis, TCA and Oxidative phosphorylation); Membrane transport and pumps; Cell cycle and cell growth control; Cell signaling and signal transduction; Biochemical and biophysical techniques for macromolecular analysis.
Molecular Biology and Genetics: Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; DNA replication and control; Transcription and its control; Translational processes; Regulatory controls in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; Mendelian inheritance; Gene interaction; Complementation; Linkage, recombination and chromosome mapping; Extrachromosomal inheritance; Chromosomal variation; Population genetics; Transposable elements, Molecular basis of genetic diseases and applications.
Process Biotechnology: Bioprocess technology for the production of cell biomass and primary/secondary metabolites, such as baker’s yeast, ethanol, citric acid, amino acids, exo-polysacharides, antibiotics and pigments etc.; Microbial production, purification and bioprocess application(s) of industrial enzymes; Production and purification of recombinant proteins on a large scale; Chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods; Immobilization of enzymes and cells and their application for bioconversion processes. Aerobic and anaerobic biological processes for stabilization of solid / liquid wastes; Bioremediation.
Bioprocess Engineering: Kinetics of microbial growth, substrate utilization and product formation; Simple structured models; Sterilization of air and media; Batch, fed-batch and continuous processes; Aeration and agitation; Mass transfer in bioreactors; Rheology of fermentation fluids; Scale-up concepts; Design of fermentation media; Various types of microbial and enzyme reactors; Instrumentation in bioreactors.
Plant and Animal Biotechnology: Special features and organization of plant cells; Totipotency; Regeneration of plants; Plant products of industrial importance; Biochemistry of major metabolic pathways and products; Autotrophic and heterotrophic growth; Plant growth regulators and elicitors; Cell suspension culture development: methodology, kinetics of growth and production formation, nutrient optimization; Production of secondary metabolites by plant suspension cultures; Hairy root cultures and their cultivation. Techniques in raising transgencies.
Characteristics of animal cells: Metabolism, regulation and nutritional requirements for mass cultivation of animal cell cultures; Kinetics of cell growth and product formation and effect of shear force; Product and substrate transport; Micro & macro-carrier culture; Hybridoma technology; Live stock improvement; Cloning in animals; Genetic engineering in animal cell culture; Animal cell preservation.
Immunology: The origin of immunology; Inherent immunity; Humoral and cell mediated immunity; Primary and secondary lymphoid organ; Antigen; B and T cells and Macrophages; Major histocompatibility complex (MHC); Antigen processing and presentation; Synthesis of antibody and secretion; Molecular basis of antibody diversity; Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; Complement; Antigen-antibody reaction; Regulation of immune response; Immune tolerance; Hyper sensitivity; Autoimmunity; Graft versus host reaction.
Recombinant DNA Technology: Restriction and modification enzymes; Vectors: plasmid, bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, yeast artificial chromosome; cDNA and genomic DNA library; Gene isolation; Gene cloning; Expression of cloned gene; Transposons and gene targeting; DNA labeling; DNA sequencing; Polymerase chain reactions; DNA fingerprinting; Southern and northern blotting; In-situ hybridization; RAPD; RFLP; Site-directed mutagenesis; Gene transfer technologies; Gene therapy.
Bioinformatics: Major bioinformatics resources (NCBI, EBI, ExPASy); Sequence and structure databases; Sequence analysis (biomolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence alignment, phylogeny); Genomics and Proteomics (Large scale genome sequencing strategies; Comparative genomics; Understanding DNA microarrays and protein arrays); Molecular modeling and simulations (basic concepts including concept of force fields).
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Civil Engineering:-
Engineering Mathematics:-
Linear Algebra: Determinants, algebra of matrices, systems of linear equations, eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Functions of single variable: limit, continuity and differentiability, mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus -- evaluation of definite and improper integrals.
Functions of two variables: limit, continuity, partial derivatives, total derivative and directional derivative, maxima and minima, multiple integrals and their applications, sequences and series, test for convergence, Fourier series.
Ordinary Differential Equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s or Euler’s equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transform.
Statistics: Basic concepts of Probability and Statistics.
GATE Syllabus 2011 for Civil Engineering - Structural Engineering:-
Mechanics: Bending moments and shear forces in statically determinate beams -- simple stress and strain: relationship -- stress and strain in two dimensions, principal stresses, stress transformation, Mohr’s circle -- simple bending theory -- flexural shear stress -- thin-walled pressure vessels -- uniform torsion.
Structural Analysis: Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches and frames -- displacements in statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/energy methods -- analysis by displacement methods (slope-deflection and moment-distribution methods) -- infludence lines for determinate and indeterminate structures -- basic concepts of matrix methods of structural analysis.
Concrete Structures: Basic working stress and limit states design concepts -- analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subject to flexure, shear, compression and torsion (beams, columns isolated footings) -- basic elements of prestressed concrete: analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads.
Steel Structures: Analysis and design of tension and compression members, beams and beam-columns, column bases -- connections - simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses -- plastic analysis of beams and frames.
GATE 2012 Syllabus for Civil Engineering - Geotechnical Engineering:-
Soil Mechanics: Origin of soils -- soil classification -- three-phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and inter-relationships -- permeability and seepage -- effective stress principle: consolidation, compaction -- shear strength.
Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigation - scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetrometer tests, plate load test -- earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils -- stability of slopes - infinite slopes, finite slopes -- foundation types - foundation design requirements -- shallow foundations -- bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays -- deep foundations - pile types, dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays.
Water Resources Engineering:-
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics: Hydrostatics applications of Bernoulli equation, Laminar and turbulent flow in pipes, pipe networks -- concept of boundary layer and its growth -- uniform flow, critical flow and gradually varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump -- forces on immersed bodies -- flow measurement in channels -- tanks and pipes -- dimensional analysis and hydraulic modeling.Applications of Momentum equation, Potential flow, Kinematics of flow -- Velocity triangles and specific speed of pumps and turbines.
Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle -- Rainfall -- evaporation infiltration, unit hydrographs, flood estimation, reservoir design, reservoir and channel routing, well hydraulics.
Irrigation: Duty, delta, Estimation of evapo-transpiration -- crop water requirements -- design of lined and unlined canals -- waterways -- head works, gravity dams and Ogee spillways.Designs of weirs on permeable foundation, Irrigation methods.
Environmental Engineering:-
Water Requirements -- quality and standards, basic unit processes and operations for water treatment, distribution of water. Sewage and sewerage treatment: Quantity and characteristic of waste water sewerage -- primary and secondary treatment of waste water -- sludge disposal -- effluent discharge standards.
GATE Syllabus 2012 for Civil Engineering - Transportation Engineering:-
Highway planning -- Geometric design of Highways -- Testing and specifications of paving materials -- Design of flexible and rigid pavements.
No comments:
Post a Comment